Back to Directory

Gurmukh Singh

Village: Lalton Khurd

City: Ludhiana

Gurmukh Singh, alias Anup Singh, son of Hoshnak Singh, Village Lalton Khurd, P. S. Sadr, District Ludhiana. He returned to India by the S.S. "Komagata Mani". He was arrested after the riot released in December 1914, but restricted. He took part in the abortive bomb raid on the Doraha Bridge Guard, also in the Mansuran Dacoity and was in touch with the revolutionary headquarters in Amritsar and Lahore in February 1915. He was arrested at the latter place on 23rd February 1915, and sentenced by the Lahore Tribunal to transportation for life. He is reported to have escaped one from a running train. He escaped from Police custody in 1923 and made his way to Afghanistan, where in December 1926 he was elected vice-President of the Indian National Club, Kabul, and where in the same year he was reported to be one of the Secret Service agents employed by the Bolsheviks. He was in hiding in Russia until the end of 1927 when he went towards Moscow with Rattan Singh (R-36) and early in April 1928 was sent on a mission to California to collect money for the "Kirti". He was arrested in November 1928 by the United States of America authorities on the ground of illegal entry and was released on bail. He spoke at a meeting of the Ghadr Party at Stockton on 6th January 1929. He was then reported to be collecting subscriptions for the Ghadr Party in California. He arrived in Kabul in July 1929, from where in 1930 he was reported to be corresponding with America regarding purchase of arms for the Afghan Government. He was in direct touch with Moscow in July 1930 and was Secretary of anti- British meetings and one of the chief Sikhs of the Kabul Ghadr Party in April 1931. He was the owner of a soda water factory which was the rendezvous of all India revolutionaries. He was closely connected with Harjap Singh (H-32) before the latter got into India, and has since assisted him in his mission. In 1931 he was reported to have attended the Karachi Indian National Congress and to have returned to Kabul on the 7th December 1931, travelling via Peshawar in disguise. Prior to his departure to Kabul he was reported to have visited Rajputana and Madras, though no corroboration of his visit to the latter place is available. In February 1932 was reported to have been possibly commissioned by the Soviet to go to China to create trouble among the Sikhs as was done in 1927-28. In May 1932 he was reported to be corresponding with the Ghadr Party in America through the Russian Legation. About the middle of 1932 he was reported to be trying in co- operation with Rattan Singh to reinstate ex-King Amanullah on the Afghan throne. In August 1932 he was reported to have sent two consignments of pistols to India, but this information has not been confirmed and to have been trying for the release of Harendra Lal Datta alias Babu Lal Datacharia (H-20), who, it is alleged, plotted to kill one of the members of the British Legation, so as to create trouble between the two Governments. A secret meeting of the Kabul Ghadr Party was held at his house on October 5th, 1932, and in November 1932, he came to an agreement with Abdur Rahim alias Maulvi Bashir (A-5), the leader of the Hindustani Fanatics in Chamarkand. Early in November 1932 he was reported to have advocated the starting of military schools along the frontier, and in the same month to have been informed by the Soviet Ambassador that on his recommendation Moscow had appointed him to be their agent for propaganda in Afghanistan and Northern India. On the 1st December he was reported to be making arrangements to leave Kabul. On 6th December 1932 he was arrested with Hamam Singh (H-53) for intriguing against the Afghan Government and at his own request was deported to Russia in March 1933. He was known to have reached Moscow by the following month. He, however, returned to Kabul secretly along with Prithi Singh (P-31) and was arrested and imprisoned by the Afghan Government in August 1933. He is still in jail. Gurmukh Singh has been responsible for arranging financial support for the Kirti Kisan Party from the Russian Government. He is a connecting link between members of the Ghadr Party in America and Russia and their co-workers in India. He is believed to have been visiting the Punjab regularly in disguise and his efforts have invariably been directed towards the organization of the masses for the establishment of the republic in India. He is one of the most dangerous revolutionaries.

Description : Age 46 years; height 5-714"; an oval scar on the outer side of the right thigh, low down; a mole on the front of the left shoulder; a mole an inch above the middle part of the left clavicle.